Best available copy



BEST AVAILABLE COP:

C. {-lAMANN CALCULATING MACHINE Dec. 22, 1925- Filed June 1, 1923 10 Sheets-Sheet 1 far flan .1

BESTAVAILABLE Dec. 22, 1925- Y 1,566,962

c. HAMANN CALCULATI NG MACHI NE Filed June 1. 1923 10 She ets-Sheet 2 Fig. 1?

I QQWMW BEST AVAILABLE COP.

0 HAMANN Dec. 22, 1925- C .JCULATING MACHINE Filed June 1, 1923 10 Sheets-Sheet 3 lnuentar: w an a "/LQ 'H z @QQJJQ BEST AVALABLE COP.

Dec. 22 1925- C. HAMANN CALCULATING MACHINE lnrentor:

10 Sheets-$heet 4 Filed June 1, 1925 BEST AVAiLABLE COP;

I Dec.- 22,1925- I 4 1,566,962 C. HAMANN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June .1, 1923 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 BEST AVAQLABLE COP Dec. 22,1925. A 1,566,962

C. HAMANN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 1, 1925 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 lnrentor:

BEST AVAJLABLE com Dec. 22 1925' ,566,962 c. HAMANN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 1, 1923 10 Shegts-Sheet '7 BEST AVAILABLE co c. HAMANN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 1, 1923 10 Sheets-Sheet a EST AVAILABLE Cop Dec. 22, 1925. 1,566,962

C. HAMANN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 1, 1925 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 lm entor:

T AVAILABLE C. HAMANN Dec. 22 1925- CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 1, 192

3 1O Sheets-Sheet 10 6 3units 2 units 8 tens 7 tens 1 unit Inventor:

BEST AVAILABLE COP.

I Patented Dec. 22, 1925.

creme...

CHRISTEL HAMANN, or nnnrenmsnn ne, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR rp mEBcnpnsBfiRo- MASCHINEN- mmwerrnawnnxrg; or nnnsgavsnn r rr zure rosrmnnnrs MANY.

sarcoma-ransmums.-

Application filed June 1,

T all-whom itmayconcemnf Be it known that I, GHRISTELQHAMANN, a citi-Zenof Germany, residingat Kon-igsweg 1, Ne-ubabelsberg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful: Improvements in Calculating Machines (for which: I; have filed an application in Germany n- March 7 1922 of which-the following-isle specification. I I 1 Calculating'machines with multiplication elementshave already becemeknownovhich, for the products of the multiplication-table separated 'intoiunits and -t ens,. cornp ise ,un: variable elements sei'ving as abutinents,. for moningy members ord eingPr nm/ ed. themselves. Maehinesof this -type are. of,.-v ery complicated construction and require much space for the -;multiplication. bodiessq that they are-not easy to manipulates I I The machine itselhimproved: according to this invention mo'uldsiat -tl1e:beg;inning of the operation; the products of the ;mul tilication-table in the form of, ebetmentsand arranges the same for each digitfqf; themultiplicancl'into ;four groups which; represent units-and tens. and. evenaalk odd num bers. .In-this;manner muchspace is economizedi and it becomesepossiblegto. construct the product-forming elements:so .that they canbe manufactured in 1arge,numbers. The machine has two counting. mechanis ns and possesses a printing mechanisnrwhich; not only prints the values registeredhby the keys but also: the multiplicator andithe .r esults indicated-'bygthe mounting mechanisms. The machine comprises .further anarrangementaccording to which-bybne singlema nipulation the -values registered by .a, count: ing mechanism may be ustedgirnthe iced.- ingmechanism oft-he; machine, e-- g...th e keys, .mechanically, in. accordance withrthfi} number indicated by a countinggmeehan-ism, In the drawings:.. I 3; Figs. 1 andl show in sideelevationpart 4e ofthe machine. I Fig. 2 illustrates t e adjusting dev ice m the multiplicatoi'. 5 Figs. 3-.and 3 show the feeding mechar nisnl in plan View. Figs. 4 and i are a fronbelevatiomihe frontawall being removed.

Fig. 5 shows the front wall. .lfi G-and- 6- illustrate the driving mechanism in connection Wit-lithe feeding niecha nism' olthc noiypting mechanisms.

1923. Serial. No 642,7170.

Fig; 7 shows the .rear wall -with channels for the printing-mechanism- F1g-= 8-. illustrates. diagrammatically; gthe 1nultiplication members in working position.

The side wallsel and;2- (Fig. 4) andthe, front wall 3 and ream-wall? 4 (.Figs. 1 and 2) are mounted on al-base not .shown on the drawing Thisgbase; supports further several brackets; {on the receptions of .members. which will, bementioned later on. Ten pairs. of slits 5. (Big: 5)- and,six single slits are cut into their-Ont and,- re a r.wa1ls. Wi h eten Pa r-misfit c rr p nd l-= Z03 Q k ys-. whi h fq'me o eethe itheqmul ip iqan :Th k y z uin: b e ter -ie e ch. ne enmfised-pe red 9i di i een en =a 'll ey em.- zmeneted in g een -z ne eme :fis sliepqn thei lls e fi =--=tw t ysefleei the a sfi,

m. e .fiefleakeeibe rests upon. the. bar Q -.engages,.in. the, well k n m n wi h iii e a sniinr he, ne che iit e key 6 tet i .d a a h. Q akes; se -t en ke ih sameirow .1S being' adjusted, ,By means: of p i s n show -sh k e er elii 1 the p r. i na elowerfinde-vfithe key :ro U;sha-ped. extensions :12 1 nd: e :=iQ 1 Yh 9 e eeeeelerlrid Place wi h-re erd-Jeme eee h'e fee' y are alternately riiteted ;to th li'fis at one side and.at-theptlierzside or e ch di five h --T e s -ten$ o s er ar i d eh h e t-.e at; the right.v Tllhese ,extensions.. are qi such -w dth t t th r #111031 in nt= in longitudinal, clirectionl Under. each row bf ey W0 .bars .13; and 14, are arranged wh h e ided-in-thel fist 5 of; h Wa .3, and. .4.; so that. thqy cambe, easily; displaced; E ba C r i s, n neapcdiarms -15. .f our=- of which are, arranged at. the ri'ght e 'five M. h Je a din H? i en and odd numbers).. ,Bya', spring, traversing th he w th l e lld :a he igh ha'ild side, and withthe other epd at. thefleft hand Si th sebe a h ld the p r Po tio w 7 The ho ts? im s bent at itsuppen. end. and; extends beloxy the extensions 12; ofithekeys. .If ,,a .key is :05 being depressed. two arms 1501 one} pair. of ar ,HWQfiQPW HL EQS hat their lower .projectionsg get onthe path, of the BEST AVAILABLE COP.

These arms are situated either at the right. or at the left of the bars 13, 14 according to whether the depressed key represents an even or an odd value.

At the state of rest the abntinents 16 of the rails 17 do not interfere with the movement of the bars 13, 14 as they are not in the operative position as shown. If, however, one of the rails 17 is moved to the right so that an abutment 16 gets into the range of one of the arms and the bars 13 or' 14 can be displaced only until one of the arms 15 comes in contact with a projection 16. The bars 13,

14 have the tendency to move underthe action of a spring 19. One spring 19 (Fig. 1) acts uniformly upon the two bars 13, 14 for reasons which will be hereinafter explained. lVith this object in view'as many elements, each composed of two bevel wheels 21, 22 (Figs. 1 and 3) are mounted-on the shaft 20 journaled in the side walls 1 and 2 as the counting mechanism of the machine has digits (16 in this case); With the bevel wheel 21 a rope pulley 23 is rigidly con nected and with the bevel wheel 22 a grooved pulley 24 which latter serves for guiding the spring 19, the first one serving for guiding the chain 25. One end of the spring and one end of the chain are fixedto the respective pulleys. The other endofthespring 19 is hooked on a hook 26. Thachain 25 goes round the pulley 27 and its other end is attached to the arm 28 of an anchor. which may at present he considered a's stationary. A

pulley 29 in connection with the pulley 2 serves for guiding a. chain 30L Tlhdright hand side end ofthis chain is connectedwith the left hand side bar the 1otlier'end" withthe. right hand side .bar of tw'o 'pairsof liars 13 14. The spring 19 being'permanently under tension the bars 13, 14 are pulled towards the rightby means of the elements .25, -27 Z9, 30. At the state of rest of themachine'thebars cannot move under the action of the spring as the stepped arms 31"of the same'bar with their lower ends against a rail 32 extending transversely from one side to the other of the machine. Only if this rail 32 is moved to the right by the rotation of the crank 33 the bars 13, 14 follow the rail 32 until they are stopped by one of the abutments 16. The length of travel of bars 13, 14 depends partly on the depressed pair of arms 15 partly on the position of the abutments 16.

How the arms 15 of two groups of bars 13, 14 are adjusted in pairs, has been already described; it may however be stated further that of each pair of bars which are close together thebar situated on the right hand side represents the units, the bars on the left hand side representing the tens, the right hand side arms 15 of any bar, indifferently whether it is a units. or tens bar, representing the even numbers. the left hand side arms representing the odd numbers. T he springs 19 act, as already mentioned, at the same time upon a left hand side bar 14 of a pair of bars situated at the right hand side and upon a right hand side bar of the pair of bars situated at the left hand side.

By the division of a inultiplieand digit into units and tens and by the further subdivision of the same into even and odd numbers four groups a. are formed for each digit, which are represented by the arms 15 which viewed from the front in Fig. 4 are spaced at uniform distances apart. The abutments 16 may be shifted for distances which correspond with the distance between the arms 15, e. g; they may adopt, besides the idle position shown in Figs. 3 and 4, four ditl'erent positions.

The bars'17 which carry the abutments 16 are movably mounted, spaced the one from the other at a distance of 3.6 mm. in ribs 34 (Fig. 4) of a bracket made in one piece with the base plate. The ribs have the shape of a rake, if seen from the side. A rail 36 is arranged at the left hand side (Fig. 4) which at its'ends, at the front and rear ends of the machine, is attached by screws to the connecting rods 37' and bears against the small projections of the rails 17 These rails 17 are secured in their position partly by this rail and partly by contact with the ribs 34. The rails 17, fifty in all, and all of the same shape, have atthe left hand side each a short downwardly projecting arm.

Ten strips of sheet metal 38 are piled up at the left hand side of the machine in the plane of the rails 17 said strips 38 being of different shapejlength and grouping. and they serve for adjusting the rails 11 with the-projections'16-in order to bring the same opposite one of the arms 15 in accordance with the our-fold grouping of said arms.

Thetongues of these ten strips are different as regards length and place which are selected according to the following consideration: In order to obtain for the bars 13, 14 greater intervals without making these bars longer the arms 15 are arranged on either of said rails so that the nine arms which are displaced with regard to one another overlap each ten abut-ments 16, The arms 15 which correspond with the even numbered keys 2, 4, 6, 8 are arranged at. the opposite side of the bars from those which correspond with the odd nmnbered keys 1, 3, 5, 7, 9. This arrangement is the same for'all the bars for the units and the tens, four groups in all. lVith these four groups correspond the four diti'erent lengths of the tongues of 38 (Fig. 3) which each adjust one rail 17 with abutments 16 in one of the four groups, e. g. simultaneously for all places of the multiplicand. The length of a tongue determines therefore whether units or tens of the product and of these even or odd numbered figures of the innltipliram} i so BEST AVAILABLE coex ar' to 'igle'f diijsiderd. 1 61 4 p ta. a dete hnined onfthe'one'lhaiid y "the multiplieairid tfid tnfjthe other ha'nd -by'the value whieh' the produot ofith'e inultipli'eationtable indicates; as will" be hereinai'ter del' i. Th'e ordinate is divided llliid four parts'lmtgthe abscissa is. divided into ten pai t's. of the ten parts of the abseissa' repres ents however not only values of and'toiir'ards'th'e other side the part of the abs cissa which represents the value 7. This nii'xing ofthe vhlus is based upon the displacemeiit ot the arms 15 or" even values betnteen thosei ot' odd values.

products iof the inultiplieation-table "-1 I1 .9. ,5: ;9 6:54. 11' i .l'; 9 9=81 are represented "tliefupper inultiplicator filiit'f3'8 If this. plate-9 is i will"bdliefeiiaiteidestrib'etl, c letermine'd as serve as easements, a the adjiistihg a: .1

tli in in e has' inoi'ed to the right whereby the upper tongue of plate I'X'hil's' displaced theabutn'i'ent rail designated in column U by 1 in accordance with the value 1 of the produet. As new this 1 represents the unit of the product and has originated from an' odd multiplicand the arm 15 has to he brought in't'o'the group E U and as E U'i's the .third group from the left hand side the tongue has the length of three strips. At the same time the third short tongue has displaced the bar 17 nun'ibere d 8 according to the value 8 of the product 8-1 and as S is a ten-value andoriginat-es also from an odd mnltiplicaml all ahlitments 16 o'f this bar stand in column U of the group Z, e. g. in the first group. This tongue has" therefore the length of one step. If now the bars 13, 14 are displaced the arms 15 of the unit-bar come in Contact with the ah'ntment 16 after having travelled for one step, those of the tens-bar coming in contac'twith the abutment after'hat'iiig travelled'lfor' eight steps, so that the distar'ices 'th r'ongh whichthey have'tr'avelled represent the product 81. If the ninlti'lieaii'd is 8 instead of 9, the arin" ofth y hiifiibi-efn 8 lieing therefore adjusted, afichif "the value s h'z'z s to l eini11tiplid by-j.9 '-"72, the amps 15 of; the ha" 'r 5 iifieeltiiiiil 2 of thejgfoup 011 the riitflt'tipliand 8' in colii'inn G of group stop the bar 13, 0-, this liar moves for; tire st- 'saeeerais'g fiqfth' 'n'nit waive of was prodiiEt an even miiltiplic'ahtl. The niiiieih'efitht' the tens-ha r 14 is thus stopped'afteiisei'efi steps.

"If the mis icena "is ,1: "thel'owest pa l- 'o'f' arms,- designated? is 'adji ste'clandjif this valu'e'fhas to niu'Itiplied byfS) the last hut two tongue adiusts the ah'l'itmeiit product fron'if 9X1 ddesfiiot 'co m'p'rise a V ten. The unit 'bar are'fiiot stopped' theahiitments 16 if the alu'eof'a product is 9, in any group; however 9 being' tlx'e highest'fignre' the'jch'ain 110M142 of a; unit bar; (Fig/1) will coine 'in c'or'ita'c't with the wall 3 forming thus the stop which corresponds 'With the di's'tance'43,

The diagram Fig. 8 sho'iis a row of groupsfor the adjns tn' enh a nnihtgrohp for the decades of the m'ult iplicand, em-

"liodie'd by the adjusting hm-s13, lstlwith germ 15 Each main group issuh'divided into tii'o groups, tens and IIIIIlZS' QBCl these groups are again suhdividd e'abh into two image even? and odd. l m' t-he main BEST AVAILABLE COP\ place of the multiplicand said abutment being adapted to be adjusted for one of the four sub-groups so that, if it is co-ordinated in a place of the multiplicand to adetermined group, it fills always the same group in any other place. The tongues of the multiplication strips 38 have also four steps in accordance with the four groups. The longest step adjusts the abutments in the sub-group E G, the next following in E U, the third in Z G and the shortest in Z U of all the main groups. p

According to the diagram the multiplication strip 9 has completed its adjusting, some of the rails. 17 with the abutment 16 have been shifted to the right for a longer or shorter distance, owing to the tongues of the strip. In this adjusted position each multiplicand is multiplied by 9. In the present case given by way of example the multiplicand is 987.:1nd the result 8883. The multiplicand-keys have been depressed accordingly and the arms 15 indicated in the diagram by black squares) have-been adjusted accordingly. Thesearms are situated, according to whether theyrepresent even or odd values, either at the rightor at the left of the adjusting rails and they are always adjusted-in pairs one inthe unitsgroup and-one in-thetens-group.

Each multiplication. strip 38 travels always for the same distance. ,The length of the tongues is calculated so that they displace the rails. 17 in such a manner thatstheir abutments 16 get on the path of the arms 15. In the lefthand side main group the key 9 has been depressed, in the middle group the key 8 and inthe right handside group the key -7.1. If ;one imaginesnowthe bar 13 of the main group 7, sub-group E U,

.moving downward: in :the longitudinal direction it will be stopped on the left hand side, the odd side, after ithas travelled for the distancea which is equal to three units; The next, following bar' 14 of group. Z of the main group in left hand side direction is stopped also; afterhaving moved to the left for the distance a':6 units so that the distances, separated into units and tens, have formed the product of 9 7=63. As themultiplicand is an odd number the stopping in Z and E has taken place at the left.

In the middle main group the-multiplicand 8 is an even number and consequent ly the stopping takes. place in the right hand side groups Z and E at G, so that the tongues of the strips 38 must be of corre sponding length. At the shifting the tens bar displaces itself for a distance b=7 units up to the abutment whereby the product 72 is obtained. In the last main group at the left stands an odd multiplicand figure 9 which must be stopped at the left hand side. The bar in E U is stopped after one step has been executed, distance 0 and in Z U distance 0:8 units,vso that one unit and eight tens have been represented by the bars in the group 9:81(the product). The distances (2 a, b b, c 0 are covered all at the same time in the manner described, the tens being added at the same time to the units in a manner which will be hereinafter described so that the simple multiplicationtable products subdivided into units and tens are finally transformed into the partproduct.

In the case that the multiplicand comprises zeros, so that no keys have to be adjusted or depressed the locking rail 10 has the position shown in Fig. 1. In this position the extreme left hand end side of said rail rests upon the slide 44:, the lower end of which engages with a notch of the bar 14L and holds the same. If, however, any value is indicated by depression of the keys the indentation gets over the slide so that this slide can give way and the rail can move.

If the multiplicator comprises a zero the strip of pile 38 is operated which carries the tongue 0. This strip has at its lower end only one single short tongue which stands opposite the last'bar 162 designated 9 which, as already been mentioned above, does not serve as abutment. This rail 162 is larger than the-other rails as can be seen from Fig. 1 and projects into indentations of the bars 13, 14 if it has been displaced by the corresponding tongue, which means if the multiplicatorcomprises a 0. In this position all bars 13, 14 are locked. If, however, this. locking rail is at the,normal position, e. g. if any other figure'of the multiplicator is adjusted but;0 indentations in said rail'permit free play, for each of the bars13,14.

- In order to record themultiplicator which has been adjusted the nine abutment rails situatedin front (the lower rails in Fig. 3) are extended towards the right so that they present a special stop {6 (Fig. 3), adapted to be adjusted by short tongues of the strips 38. These short tongues are displaced in accordance with the values of the strips. The strip 9 has the tongue, as shown on the drawing, quite at the lower end; the tongue of the plate 8 being; situated one step higher with regard to rail 8 and so on. A rod-47 similar to the bars 13, 14 but without arms is situated above the stop 46. In stead of the arms this rod 47 has one single projection 48 adapted to come in contact with the stop 46 (Fig. at) if this stop has been adjusted. If, for instance,"the multiplicator is 5 the rod 47 can travel for five steps, this movement being transferred upon a counting mechanism which will be hereinafter described g j The adjusting of the multiplicator figures or of the multiplication strips 38 is effected in the following manner. Atthe left of the BEST AVAILABLE com group of keys 6 designediorgthezmultipli; I cand. a singlerow of keys 74,-9 (-Figt 2); is an rangedthes'hafts of- .which have: rollers 50. which at the depression ot a key act upon inclines of a plate of-sheet metal 53- suspendedon pendulums' 51, 52. The inclines are of different pitch and ascendingto the right and-to the' left/so that at the depres; sionof the keys nnmheredxl, 2, 3, 4, 5 the plate' of sheet metal oscillates towards the right. The other keys make the. same oscillate to the left. This measureservesgtoreduce the stroke of the keys. In order' to ensure that the plate of sheet metal 53 lGtlll'llS always to its normalposition an-- elastic hook-shaped, lever 54 grips over a roller of the pendulum 51. Theltey shafts are-guided at the upper. end in'thezframe 55 andat. the lower end between rollers 56 revolvably mounted on support. 57. On the same support the pendulum 58 is oscill'ably mounted through theslit of-whichproj ects' a 'pinfixed -inthepla'te.53= of sheet metal"- and in-tl e rail 39. lithe penduluni-oscil-.. lates away from-the? adjusting plate 53 its: movement-is transmitted atthe rat-ioof lX2-s upon-the rail- 39, the arms 1 40,2:41' of' which are thus adjusted opposite to one-pair of: tongues of the strips '88; For ensuring- :1. paral-lel displacement two: arms 40,- ll-ia-re arranged and alsotwotonguesholr ea'chz strip,38. Y a

-The enlarged ends of the, strip 38. .are, located in indentations 5Qi"(-F-igs. 3 311C115)" of the-walls 3 and- &5 The strip has flaps- GO-Eat ,the' middle which are-embraced by a clasp 61- in orderit-;preventdisplacement: in longitudinal direction. Theextremeiends ofthe strips are,supportedg eaclp :by an armofqthe two .guid'e rods 13?,- said-guide; rods: having afi theirextreme-lefthand si'de vends? the forks .62; which, :overlap the: adjusting; rail 39 air-either end: (Figs-Band 1 The right hand' s'ideends' of the connect.-

ing rods .37 are -hingfed1yi connected with: level-s65 fixed. on the aXIeEG lL I If the-crankhandle-33 is-operated these levers;are-oper. ated-through the intermediary ofa, cam 6'1; fixed upon the driving: shaft (Figs; hand "5) upon which a roller rests which: is; mounted on a lever. which is'also keyed upon the axle 64.1 Atthe oscillation of thel'ever 65 the guide rods are thus pulledztoithen right whereby the adjusting.rail 39iwhichii selects by its arms-A0; ll- QneHoftheaten -t strips 38 in accordance with the multiplisi cator and pushes these strips'ont.ofthespile;'- wherehythe abutment-bars lT-are adjusted in accordance with the tongues-of said strips (littering as regards plade and-lengthxlikt theback-increment of the craiilchantlle 'if the-lever 65 swingsg'hackward the-arm 63" of the guide rod 374 pushes the-strips'back into the. pile,-t-he rail 36 returning-the abutment rail; 1-? to their normalf positions.

The pin 68 projecting through the ndu luni158=and'-.fixed iii-the. adjusting rai 39. is of i such a length that it; remains securely guided .eiien if'the adjusting-mail moves to' the right; At the beginning of the specifica'tion "the pulleys and 29' have been.

-m'entioned. Aror'md'pulley-jZQ a h in-'30 isvwoun'd which is attached-with the one' cndtothe' bar l l for-the tens and with the other end to .1 the bar 13 for-the units of the next higher place. F roin this arrangement results that the. pulley; 29} moves for half. the sum of the distances through which -both hars travel, with the object in View to add the tens of'a place of lower order to the units ofa next higher; place. If; for instance 75 hastobemultipl ed by- 9 the product is composed: of the; following-part products 5X9 :;:45. and 7X9:63-, these parts, I products being; added-so tha t,the\ telisigt. f a ded .tQ th iu t: :6 :-.a QQldii ing to the formula 63" .5 675." The movement of, aopulleiy'29 proper-n tional to the sum of t'lie'iunitsfand tens'andi according :tothe ahoueezianiplezit wilhtraxel;

7/2 distancestiwhichsaie how'eyerimifltiplidf 1 again -:,-by- 2 jby -,meims of; the-spiilley 27 sol that the eleme'ntfils: winds 'up the'realilengthu 7 0B thechainserumigeneralkthe suml'of miits-v andtens to her tr'ansitiittedrtogaico untng m ha sm.

The c0unting-- meehani'smi consists aoiitai' row 1- nnmben disksiititlnwlhich,iare snpefl t posed; and 'ke'yed with Jtheim hubsl ion" axles-z jo lrna-ldi iin Ethe two! plates 705! 275.; soi th2it--;

has to=bedone-at the multiplication-wheat 1 the division; Asatthe operationnofrthe. crank: handle: the {bevel wheels rotatedn .thi manner-explained; above in; accordance with the product :formed'iin the adjusting mcha-.

nism the beyjel -twheels 72, participate in this 1 rotation whibh; iS'-Ethus indicated: -by-.Z the- ,numherfdisks-BQZ-r Y -ln-prderjto; preiientethenback rotatidn=o.. these number disks at lillfl iibi lfikFIOtittldDOft; the driving crank at the return stroke of the bars 13, 14 the beifggl wheels 21, 22 and :their axle 20 are movable in vertical direc- -.tion so that they are coupled when the machine is operated but u'htoupled when the machine elements mug-n16 the normal position. This arrangementds shown in F ig. 6.

Theicasing==of the counting mechanisnihas walls 73 at .eitherside which are-mounted.- by means ot'tthe-guitle pieces Tel iiithe frame of the machine. Two pendulunis 75,76. are

EST AVAILABLE COP.

pivotally mountedon each wall 73 so that under the action of a spring these pendulums are held in-the perpendicuar position. Rollers mounted at the free ends of the pendulums bear on cams 77, 78 adapted to be operated by the connecting rod 79 if the machine is working. By the oscillation of the cams in right hand side direction the .casing of the counting mechanism is at first raised to be lowered again shortly before the stroke of'the crank is completed as the rollers slip oil" the incline arranged at the left hand 'side of 'the' cams." As the pendulums 75', 76 oscillate against the action of the springs the casing of the counting mechanism remains in the lowered position also at the back movement of the crank handle. The bevel ;'wheels 72 are therefore in gear with the bevel wheels 21 or 22 during the largest part of the stroke of the crank handle butout of gear-at the return movement of the same. If a number disk 69 rotates from 9 to.O or at subtraction inversely from O to 9 the finger 80 strikes against a roofshaped projection of a one-armed lever 81 connected with the casing of the counting mechanism; This' lever operates in its turn the two-armedrlever -82 which at its lower armzcarries the locking piece83-which grips behihdiiteetlr of -an escapement 84 shaped like an 'aiihorto the arm28 of which the eiidofitherchain;25 is=attached.- j i This arm 28tispermanently controlled by the springi-l -so'thatit will oscillate-to the left if the locking piece releases one tooth.

This is the case if the finger 80 strikes against the lever- 81. The -levers" 81, 82;21I1d 28 arelv arranged I in I such a 'manner that the release *ofithe locking piece is efiected at the nextfollowing placein left hand side direction if at the preceding place --a 0 has appeared-under the window. 'If'the escapement 8 k is now released the arm 28 oscillates under the action of the spring, whereby the element.21 22 rotates and communicates its movement to the corresponding number disk. Cases might occur which require in the course of the formation of a' part-product, e. grduring onestroke of the crank handle,

two-transmissions 0f'tens. -Sucha case occurs in the-following'problem: The product from 39x9 has to be calculated and-to be added to' a value 90 leftover from a preceding-calculation 1 In order to prevent that the escapement does not always operate two teeth in succession a stop tooth is arranged opposite the two teeth, said stop tooth-bearing upon the locking piece if this has been swung out. After one or two transmissions of tens have been carried out the escapement must be returned tothe position shown in order to be ready for the next following transmission of ten. This has to be effected during the returnmovement of the crank handle and with the aid of levers 85 situated under each arm Set of the escapement. Upon each of these levers 85 acts one spring 86, all said springs being suspended to a flap 87 adapted to be raised atthe backrot ation of the crank handle by means of acam 88. As the lever 89 which has a roller swings out at the back move- .ment of the crank handle the flap remains inoperative at the working stroke of the crank handle.

The machine has a second counting mechanism for adding the products the casing of which is formed by the two walls 90, 91 and the plate 92 with window. In the walls 90, 91 the shafts 93 are journaled on which the cog wheels 94: and the number disks 95 are mounted. By means of the pawl 96 adapted to bethrown in and out of gear tance, the sector 99-bevelled at both ends engaging with the roller of an oscillable lever 100 hingedly connected with the longer arm of said elbowed lever 98. At the working stroke of the crank handle the roller will give way but at the idle movement of said crank handle the sector will grip over the roller and displace the counting mechanism by its guide plate '97- to the left so that its bevel wheels come in gear with the bevel wheels 21 or 22. WVhilst the first mentioned count-ing mechanism was in gear at the working stroke of the crank handle the second counting mechanism is in gear at the idle movement of the crank handle, this being necessary as a transmission of tens in the one mechanism must not be transmitted to the other mechanism. If in the second counting mechanism a 0 appears BEST AVAILABLE COP 109; of the-angle lever 103 is; rendered inoperative (-Fig.- 6-) Prior to. the idle move-- ment of the crank handle the projection 105amakes1 the angle lever-110 oscillate which-actsuponthea'ail 110 so that this rail strikes: againstthe lever 82 (Fig. 1

whereby, owing; to thespring 19, the es-- capement. 84; l04rjumps intothe position indicated in-dottedlines. By. the. idle stroke of the cmnk handlethe springs 86 are put under tension so that they act through the intei'mediary of'the lever85 upon the escapethiscase the transmission of the tens means the additionallmovementin the same sense of rotation.

The projection of the rail 106 moves also at the idle stroke-along the roller of the elbow lever 107, whereby the rail 108 strikes shortly upon the levers 103 so that those of the escapements whichshould not yet have adopted; ,the. positionshown. owing to atransmissiong of the tens, are rbrqught into this position. ThepspringSG isslack at the.

encLof the=idleystroke of the crank. handle so. that. the-spring 19 I enters againinto actionbeingaeady to exeeuteairansmission of" tens which-should become necessary in the first. mentioned counting mechanism. at. the, working stroke .oii the, crank; handle. At!

thisworking 1 stroke; a transmission .juponithe; first mentioned; count ng mechanism; include ing, transmission; of tems is; theret dre elfectedand-at the-;i dlestroke-o,f the crankzhan= dle transmission upon the second: counting;

mechanism and also .transmissionof tensbythe .same elementgthebevel wheels 2 1-, 22 and& the'escapement; 8a, 104:; If the one. counting mechanism is engagedzthesotherz one is" disengaged and if the one mechanism for the transmission ofitens is ready for work the other one is inoperative.

The mult-iplicato'rfisii'lecorded by the figure disks 110 which are arranged together with the fignre disks for the product in a common case-and which are superposedzalsoh On the lower endlotthein-axle a'beyel wheeL 111; having, 18 teeth according tothe figures 0 to 9 and 9 to 0 is mounted. These bevelw-heelsmesh, like the bevel wheels of the counting -mechanisms with berela wheels 112: or 113 (Fig. 3) according to whether addition (multiplication) or subtraction (division) hasto..be:done. The bevel wheels.

112-.and1113 fornnalso oneelement which is. however. single inopposition to the double elements of the counting. mechanism. The spring, 115iswound around the rope pulley lltand attached. with its fixed end to-the hook26. A. chain 117 is wound around the pulley 116,,the one end of this'chain is attached-tothepulley and consequently tothe element, the other end carrying the block 118 in whichthe roller 119 is mounted. A chain 120 woundaround the roller 119 is suspended with one endlto a fixed part 146 of themachine andwith the other end to the arm 147 of rod 47. This rod has at its extremeendla stepped arm 3l Sllnlltil"tO the armsof the unitbars 13 which permitsthe printing, of the multiplicator figures andit has further an abutment 48,- designed tocome in contact :with the abutments 46 whereby finally the'multiplicator is formed in the figure disksllO;

Forcarrying out feeding movementsat'- the correct time the course of the crankdiandle issubdivided into three periods. Aqttt-he fiist period the first count-ing mechanism is thrown in gear, at the secondi period. this: counting; mechanism is, operated andrati the third period it isthrown; out-ofZgeanz At; the idle stroke the second; counting; mechan s i s? n gagementi at; the thirdnperiod, drivenat the second periodandi disengaged. at. the first period. @The.inovementsiforithe. operation of the releasing, rails. 108,. 11.0 take place at the first-,and third periods {an d the flap-87 is operated; the springsfifii are put-under tension-and) the transponting; of. the counting mechanism takesplacezat the thirdzper-iodiof the idle :s'troke.' In order toprevent ,-thesoperat-ioniofrbarsi13 andi 14 during-thefeeding ot-theifinst counting mecha l n'ismtheconnecting rod is composed of two halves il22qand2 123 (F igs. 3 and 6). The bentnennectiiig': rodsarearranged at either side fof 'the machine and they are connected on the-.Onezhand with the cranks-12a and. 125 and on the' other hand with thelevers 12.6,, 127:.keyed. on: the axle 128-. The parts 122 of the connecting rodshaveeach an-ohlong; hole:132: in; their free end! by means of whichthey. slip over a=serew neck-of; the le-- verse-126. 'llhe,- ends; offtheylevers 125 engage with the rail 32 (Figs. 41 and3) against which-the. stepped arms-31? bear. As these stepped: arms 31 are submitted to the action of-the-spring 19 the-rail 32 andconsequently also the levers- 12.6,.have the tendence to move tolthe right. This is=however not poss-iblezas-the rollers 12.9-(Fig.6), of which one isarrangedat each joint of the partsil22, 123 of the connectingflrod,bear on-curred' guides arranged at; either side-of the machine. These cuiwed; guides fornntheend of one arm of: plate 131.and.they. move along an arcoticircle. which has the-lengtliiof; pa rt 122 as indius. It the crank. 33 is being BEST AVAILABLE CUP.

moved to the right the roller rolls at first, during the first period, along the arc of circle, the lever 26, the rail 32 and the adjusting bars 13, 14 being at rest whilst the connecting rod 7 9 and the earns 77, 7 8 are operated so that the first mentioned counting mechanism is thrown in gear. Only hereafter begins the second period, the rollers 129 get off the curved guides and slide along the horizontal guide whereby finally the adjusting bars 13, 14 are released so that they operate the counting mechanism. If the crank handle arrives at the third period the rollers of the levers 75, 76 get oft the cams 77, 78 and the first mentioned counting mechanism is disengaged. If at the end of the third period the direction of movement of the crank handle is reversed the second counting mechanism is thrown in gear in the manner above described and as the levers 75, 7 6 act only in one direction the first mentioned counting mechanism remains disengaged. Owing to the oblong hole 132 in the arms 122 the levers 126 and consequently also the adjusting bars 13, 14 are not moved back for the present during the back movement in the third period. Only after the second counting mechanism has been thrown in gear the second period begins during which the adjusting bars 13, 14 operate on their back travel the second counting mechanism which is disengaged at the beginning of the first period.

In order to clearly explain the operation of the machine the following example of a multiplication is given :9876 54:563304.

By means of the keys 6 the multiplicand 9876 is adjusted in the well known manner and as the multiplicator comprises two figures the counting mechanism is thus brought in the well known manner to the second decimal place. The highest place of the multiplicator is then adjusted by the keys 49, whereupon the crank handle is pulled.

The counting mechanism moves to the next, the first decimal place, whereupon the next higher multiplicator value is adjusted and the crank handle is pulled agairn After in this well known manner the multiplicator has been adjusted and the crank has been pulled alternately the product is registered in the counting mechanism,

By adjustment of the multiplicand the arms 15 are broughtin pairs, with the aid of the U-shaped extensions 12, on the path of the abutments 16 and by the adjusting of a multiplicator key the rail 29 with its arms 41 gets opposite the tongues of those multiplication strips 38 which corresponds with the keyed multiplicator value. At the movement of the driving crank the strip which has been selected is pushed to the right, whereby the rails 17 are also displaced so that the abutments 16 are brought on the tour paths of the adjusting bars 13, 14 in the next higher place. At this movement the adjusting bars 13 and 14 travel for distances which are equal to the units and tens of the products of the multiplication table;

In the example given the unitsand tensbars represent, after the adjusting of the multiplicator 5 after the first pull of the crank handle the values: 1

which represent products of the multiplication table. By the gear 29, 30 (pulleys and chains) the tens are added to the units so that according to the formula:

the pa'rtproduct:49380 is produced. 5

This value is finally indicated bythe figure disks 69. At the back movement of the crank handle the toothed wheel72 disengages from the element 21 and the carriage 7 0 moves for one step to the left. 'The multiplicationplate V is again pushed into the pile 38 until, after the back stroke of the crank has been completed all'mechanisms At the subsequent operahave again adopted their normal positions,

the spring'l9 being put under tension. -The second digit of the multiplicator 4 is adjusted and the crank handle is operated again, whereby the part-product 39504 is registered which is added during its formation to the part-product which has already been registered in the counting according to the formula:

Atthe adding of the two part-products a transmission of tens is required at several places in the counting mechanism. How this transmission of tens operates has been de scribed.

Some calculations, for instance the he quently occurring calculations of the formula a b czzu require the readjustment of the product mechanism 1 the zero key.

BEST AVAILABLE CUP:

from a b to multiply the same by c. In order to bring this by a simple manipulation into the keys the crank handle, 133 (Fig.

1) is. arranged. This crank handle is keyed on axle 134 (Fig. 1) on which as. many levers 135 are fixed as there are rows of keys. same plane carries a similar number of levers 137. Each pair of levers 135, 137 is hingedly connected with one another by a rod 138. If the crank handle 133 is being pulled the levers move along the arc of circle in yielding towards the right. Between the rows of keys rods 139 are arranged which have on their lower side lateral projections 140 which are displaced after the manner of a Vernier with regard to the distance between the keys. Each rod 139 has a pin 14.1 which, through the action of spring 142, is pressed against one of the levers 135. If this lever oscillates to the right the rods 139 follow the i rod 132 moves for a shorterdistance than at.

0. At the figure 9 a projection 140 stands, opposite the projection 1A5 of the key 9, at 8, a rod 139 has moved jfartherfor one step so that the second projectioni140 stands-over the projectionof the key .;8 and soon At 0 the lastprojection stands at the right-hand side over the projection of After in this manner one projection 140 has been brought over one projection:1et5 of any keyin accordance with the value in thewindow, the rod 139 does not move further to the right but the levers 135, 137 do, wherebythe spring 142 is further extended. and the rollers of the levers i are finally pressed on thejback of'the rod 139. This rod is thus eparallelly moved downward drawing along thekey theprojection of which corresponds with the projection of 139.. Independently whether a key has previouslv been adjusted or not, one

key will always be releasedif it does not accurately correspond to the value. in the win-' dow. A claw, not shown onthe drawings, arranged. at the'right hand end of rod 139,

serves to draw along the key rail 1 13; If

the rod .139 moves back the claw must evi-. dently permit the lateral displacement of the counting mechanism.

The machine comprises a device for print- A second axle 136 situated in the.

levers149 have fork-shaped. free ends gripping: over a. pin of thelevers 151 which have two arms ofequal length, the other arm carrying also a pin. These pins engage 373th the oblong holes of the connecting rods 152 suspended at their other ends on cranks of the driving shaft. As soon as the crank ward direction with the object to reduce the distance between theadjusting bars of the keys and the figuredisksto the printing distance. which are closetogether slides 157 -(Fig. 1) are arranged which'carryeach an arm158 levers 1519 kcyedjalso on said shaft-.150. The 1 The wall 156 has channels In the upperorifices of the channels over which the rod 159 issituated which is 1 designed to ensure that the;slides;can move upward only ifthis rod gives-way. Between the,slides-154. and; 157 arow of elements (balls, small disks or ;the like)-is ar-- ranged which produce a rigid connection be tween said slides. In accordance with the value .adjusted by the keys the adjusting bars 13, 14. are movedrandconsequently also the steps 31, are moved, to the right; A0-

cording to whether such a-stepped .;bod'y;,-is dlsplaced more 9n less the .slidei; raises for onestepandtransmits its movement innpward direction to the slide l58jwhiclli is freev to slide upward as at the operationof the machine 'thesrod 159 oscillates .iniupward direction, The'arm'158 grips with its fork-.- shaped end overa pin of the-type rod l60uand draws the-same along so that. the type. .of the type rod; is brought opposite to cylinder. 161..

If the :value. of thei first ,mentioii ed counts.

ing mechanism .hasltobe printed the adjusting' has to be. eftected bymeans of are separately to betoperated by handarid notv shown on the drawing, this keyservingto prevent that the levers82 give way to bring last rail of groupl numbered 997,) release the bevel wheels 72 into-the subtraction; positlon and to make the locking rails 1621 (the the adjusting -ba 13, 14. T If thecrankg} handle is now operated the springs 19 work until the. fingers-80 come-in contact with the levers 81, wherefrom results that the adj usting bars'andconsequentlyalso the steps 31 represent the value registered in the counting mechanism, this. value being printed in a similar manner asawalue, which has been previously adjusted by the fkeysn At the upwardmovement of the type rod 165, this catch oscillating with the lever 148- 160 the lever 163 drives downward: the hook 16A which gets into: the range of the catch BEST AVAILABLE COP.

the pbrcussioii lever167. It the hammer 166 is sufficiently put under tension the hooks 164 are removed through the intermediary of the I rod'168 from the catch'165 so that the ham mer;166 presses the typeagainst the cylinder so that the same is printed.

I claim 1. In a calculating machine of the type described, multiplication elements newly arranged in a ccordancewith the products of the multiplication table at each setting of the multiplica'tor,-a1id members selected at the setting of a multiplicand and adapted for movement in dependence upon the arrangement of said multiplication elements.

2. In a calculating machine of the type des'cribethmeans for setting a multiplicator, multiplication members selectively movable at eachsetting' of a ninltiplicatoi', said multiplication members having lugs ,newly grouped in accordance with the products of the multiplication table upon cach'selectiv'e movement of said members, means forsettinga inultiplicand, and elements select'ethatftlie setting of a multiplicand and adaptedfforinovem'ent in accordance with the'grdupingef said lugs.

3; In' acaleulating machine of the ftypc describeag nieansg for settinga multiplicat or,

inult'ipliea tion members selectively moved at 'each'setting of a'multiplicator, said multiplication 'members having lugs newly grouped in accordance with the products of the multiplication tahle"upon' ,e'ach selective inove'nient osaid;1 aembe; means for setting aniultiplicac {elements selected atthe setting} of amultiplicand andadapted for movement in accordance with the grouping a multip'l'i'eator, means for setting a multiplica'1id,"'and' movable elements selected at. thei set'ting of a multiplicand, the limits of movement of said movable elements being determined in accordance with the grouping of said lugs. v

5.:In a calculating machine of the type described, meansfor setting a multiplicator, multiplication nien'ibers selectively movable at each setting'of a"multiplicator, said multiplication" members having lugs newly grouped'in accordance with the products of themultiplication table upon each selective movement of said members, means for setting a multiplicand, and movable elements selected in pairs at the setting of a multiplieanc'l," the limits of movement of said tem of numeration.

movable elements being determined in accordance with the grouping of said lugs, each of said lugs being adapted to assume four cooperating positions relative to a pair of said movable elements.

6.111 a calculating machine of the type described, means for setting a multiplica tor, means for setting a multiplicand, movable elements selected at the setting of a multiplicand, stop members for determining the limits of movement of said movable elements, and means for grouping said stop members for cooperation with said movable elements in accordance with the products of the n'inltiplication table, said grouping means comprising series of tongues selectively moved as to series on the setting of a multiplicator, each of said series comprising'tongn'es of four different lengthsand cach scrics'corresponding to a digit of the system of numeration.

7. In a calculating machine of the type described, means'for setting a multiplicator, means forsetting a m'ultiplicand, movable elements" selected at the setting of a' multi-' plicand, parallelly disposed rails relatively "movable in their longitudinal direction,; said rails having lugs adapted to de'termine'the limits of movement of said 'mO'vableelements' and means for selectively means comprising series of tongues selective- 109 1y moved asto series at the setting of a multiplicator, each of said seriescomprising tongues j of four different lengths" each series"corresponding to a digit 'ofthe sys- 8; In; a calculating machine of the typedescribed, multiplicator keys, multiplicand keys, movable bars selected bythe latter keys, adjusting elements corresponding to digit values selected by the former keys,

each ofsaid adjusting elements having steps arran'ged'in accordance with its numerical value, shiftable rails, each of the steps of said adjusting elements beingarranged for cooperation with one of said rails, said rails having lugs adapted to be brought into the paths of said movable bars, and means for displacing a selected adjusting member, wherebythe movements of said movable bars determined by said lugs represent the units andt-ens of'the products of the multiplication table.

9. A structure according to claim 8, wherein the adjusting elements are each provided with a projection on its edge opposite to said steps, said projections being in stepped arrangement, and a selector element movable opposite the projection of a respective adjusting element on the operation of a multiplicator key; 

